CONDICIONES DE SALUD Función hepática deteriorada, hígado graso, Hipercolesterolemia – colesterol elevado-, Artritis, Degeneración de células testiculares por cadmio, Diabetes, Gastralgia, Cáncer de piel, Galactosemia, Hongos,  Cáncer de hígado, Endotelio deteriorado - Ateroesclerosis, Leucemia L1210 y HL60, Artritis, Galactosemia, Dispepsia, Colon irritable, Creatina elevada, Estrés oxidativo, Diabetes, Espasmos gastrointestinales.

ESPECIE Cynara scolymus

UBICACIÓN La Alcachofa se cultiva en la sierra y en la selva alta del Perú, es originaria de Europa.

DESCRIPCIÓN Herbácea perenne, rizoma de forma cilíndrica. Hojas grandes, caulinares, enteras o divididas. Flores en cabezuela, azules a moradas. Las inflorescencia inmadura se utiliza como alimento.

USOS TRADICIONALES
Para males hepáticos, reducir de peso, bajar el colesterol, combatir la diabetes, como protector hepático.

ESTUDIOS MODERNOS
Protege el hígado, Antioxidante, Antigenotóxico,  Sindrome de intestino irritado, Contra Leucemia L1210 y HL60, Cáncer de hígado, Anti lipidémico – reduce el colesterol- , Protege los riñones contra el exceso de creatina, Protege el endotelio,  Artritis,  Hipoglicémico, Problemas gastrointestinales,  Efecto prebiótico, Digestivo, Contra la ateroesclerosis, Dispepsia, Hiperlipoproteinemia, Contra precursor de Cáncer de piel, Galactosemia, Contra infecciones de hongos – anti micotico, Anti espasmódico,

FUENTES

Title: Biological studies on the protective role of artichoke and green pepper against potential toxic effect of thermally oxidized oil in mice.
Author: Khalil,-W-K-B; El-Kader,-H-A-M-A; Eshak,-M-G; Farag,-I-M; Ghanem,-K-Z
Citation: Arab-Journal-of-Biotechnology. 2009; 12(1): 27-39

Title: Effect of low inulin doses with different polymerisation degree on lipid metabolism, mineral absorption, and intestinal microbiota in rats with fat-supplemented diet.
Author: Azorcn-Ortuclo,-Marca; UrbcLn,-Cristina; Cercdn,-Joscb-J; Tecles,-Fernando; Allende,-Ana; TomcLs-BarbercLn,-Francisco-A; Espcn,-Juan-Carlos
Citation: Food-chemistry. 2009 Apr 15; 113(4): 1058-1065.

Title: Artichoke leaf extract reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome and improves quality of life in otherwise healthy volunteers suffering from concomitant dyspepsia: a subset analysis.
Author: Bundy,-R; Walker,-A-F; Middleton,-R-W; Marakis,-G; Booth,-J-C
Citation: J-Altern-Complement-Med. 2004 Aug; 10(4): 667-9

Title: Antigenotoxic effect of extract from Cynara cardunculus L.
Author: Miadokova,-E; Nadova,-S; Vlckova,-V; Duhova,-V; Kopaskova,-M; Cipak,-L; Rauko,-P; Mucaji,-P; Grancai,-D
Citation: Phytother-Res. 2008 Jan; 22(1): 77-81

Title: Growth inhibitory effect of ethyl acetate-soluble fraction of Cynara cardunculus L. in leukemia cells involves cell cycle arrest, cytochrome c release and activation of caspases.
Author: Nadova,-S; Miadokova,-E; Mucaji,-P; Grancai,-D; Cipak,-L
Citation: Phytother-Res. 2008 Feb; 22(2): 165-8

Title: Antioxidative and apoptotic properties of polyphenolic extracts from edible part of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) on cultured rat hepatocytes and on human hepatoma cells.
Author: Miccadei,-S; Di-Venere,-D; Cardinali,-A; Romano,-F; Durazzo,-A; Foddai,-M-S; Fraioli,-R; Mobarhan,-S; Maiani,-G
Citation: Nutr-Cancer. 2008 Mar-Apr; 60(2): 276-83

Title: Effect of artichoke extract (Cynara scolymus L.) on palmitic-1-14C acid oxidation in rats.
Author: uzyszyn,-Z; Czerny,-B; Pawlik,-A; Drozdzik,-M
Citation: Mol-Nutr-Food-Res. 2008 May; 52(5): 589-94

Title: Ameliorative effect of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) extracts on creatine monohydrate-induced renal dysfunction in male rats.
Author: Ahmed,-H-H; Mannaa,-F; El-Sayed,-E-M
Citation:Deutsche-Lebensmittel-Rundschau. 2008; 104(1): 29-36

Title: The influence of supplementation with artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) extract on selected redox parameters in rowers.
Author: Skarpanska-Stejnborn,-A; Pilaczynska-Szczesniak,-L; Basta,-P; Deskur-Smielecka,-E; Horoszkiewicz-Hassan,-M
Citation: International-journal-of-sport-nutrition-and-exercise-metabolism. 2008 June; 18(3): 313-327.

Title: The effect of artichoke (Cynara scolymus L.) extract on ROS generation in HUVEC cells.
Author: Juzyszyn,-Z; Czerny,-B; Pawlik,-A; Dro?dzik,-M
Citation:Phytotherapy-research. 2008 Sept; 22(9): 1159-1161.

Title: Artichoke leaf extract (Cynara scolymus) reduces plasma cholesterol in otherwise healthy hypercholesterolemic adults: a randomized, double blind placebo controlled trial.
Author: Bundy,-R; Walker,-A-F; Middleton,-R-W; Wallis,-C; Simpson,-H-C-R
Citation: Phytomedicine-. 2008; 15(9): 668-675

Title: Natural products as a gold mine for arthritis treatment.
Author: Khanna,-D; Sethi,-G; Ahn,-K-S; Pandey,-M-K; Kunnumakkara,-A-B; Sung,-B; Aggarwal,-A; Aggarwal,-B-B
Citation: Curr-Opin-Pharmacol. 2007 Jun; 7(3): 344-51

Title: Effects of artichoke extract supplementation on gonads of cadmium-treated rats.
Author: Gurel,-E; Caner,-M; Bayraktar,-L; Yilmazer,-N; Dogruman,-H; Demirci,-C
Citation: Biol-Trace-Elem-Res. 2007 Oct; 119(1): 51-9

Title: Hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic effect of Cynara scolymus among selected type 2 diabetic individuals.
Author: Nazni,-P; Vijayakumar,-T-P; Alagianambi,-P; Amirthaveni,-M
Citation: Pakistan-Journal-of-Nutrition. 2006; 5(2): 147-151

Title:  Molecular properties and prebiotic effect of inulin obtained from artichoke    (Cynara scolymus L.).
Author:  Lopez-Molina,-D; Navarro-Martinez,-M-D; Rojas-Melgarejo,-F; Hiner,-A-N;  Chazarra,-S; Rodriguez-Lopez,-J-N
Citation: Phytochemistry. 2005 Jun; 66(12): 1476-84

Title:  Choleretic and anticholestatic activities of flavonoids of artichoke (Cynara  cardunculus L. subsp. scolymus (L.) Hayek).
Author:  Gebhardt,-R
Citation:  Acta-Horticulturae. 2005; (681): 429-435

Title: Vasomodulating potential of mediterranean wild plant extracts.
Author: Grande,-S; Bogani,-P; de-Saizieu,-A; Schueler,-G; Galli,-C; Visioli,-F
Citation: J-Agric-Food-Chem. 2004 Aug 11; 52(16): 5021-6

Title: Artichoke juice improves endothelial function in hyperlipemia.
Author: Lupattelli,-G; Marchesi,-S; Lombardini,-R; Roscini,-A-R; Trinca,-F; Gemelli,-F; Vaudo,-G; Mannarino,-E
Citation: Life-Sci. 2004 Dec 31; 76(7): 775-82

Title: Herbs for serum cholesterol reduction: a systematic view.
Author: Thompson-Coon,-J-S; Ernst,-E
Citation: J-Fam-Pract. 2003 Jun; 52(6): 468-78

Title: Efficacy of artichoke leaf extract in the treatment of patients with functional dyspepsia: a six-week placebo-controlled, double-blind, multicentre trial.
Author: Holtmann,-G; Adam,-B; Haag,-S; Collet,-W; Grunewald,-E; Windeck,-T
Citation: Aliment-Pharmacol-Ther. 2003 Dec; 18(11-12): 1099-105

Title: Artichoke leaf extract reduces symptoms of irritable bowel syndrome in a post-marketing surveillance study.
Author: Walker, A F : Middleton, R W : Petrowicz, O
Citation: Phytother-Res. 2001 Feb; 15(1): 58-61

Title: Efficacy of Artichoke dry extract in patients with hyperlipoproteinemia.
Author: Englisch, W : Beckers, C : Unkauf, M : Ruepp, M : Zinserling, V
Citation: Arzneimittelforschung. 2000 Mar; 50(3): 260-5

Title: Cancer chemoprevention by polyphenols in green tea and artichoke.
Author: Agarwal, R : Mukhtar, H
Citation: Adv-Exp-Med-Biol. 1996; 40135-50

Title: Inhibitory effect of taraxastane-type triterpenes on tumor promotion by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in two-stage carcinogenesis in mouse skin.
Author: Yasukawa, K : Akihisa, T : Oinuma, H : Kaminaga, T : Kanno, H : Kasahara, Y : Tamura, T : Kumaki, K : Yamanouchi, S : Takido, M
Citation: Oncology. 1996 Jul-Aug; 53(4): 341-4

Title: Fruits and vegetables are a source of galactose: implications in planning the diets of patients with galactosaemia.
Author: Gross, K C : Acosta, P B
Citation: J-Inherit-Metab-Dis. 1991; 14(2): 253-8

Title: Effect of pretreatment with artichoke extract on carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury and oxidative stress.
Author: Mehmetçik, Güldal; Ozdemirler, Gül; Koçak-Toker, Necla; CevikbaÅŸ, UÄŸur; Uysal, MÃjdat
Citation: Exp Toxicol Pathol. 2008 Sep; 60(6): 475-80

Title: Antifungal activity of Cynara scolymus L. extracts.
Author: Zhu,-X-F; Zhang,-H-X; Lo,-R
Citation: Fitoterapia. 2005 Jan; 76(1): 108-11

Title: Antispasmodic activity of fractions and cynaropicrin from Cynara scolymus on guinea-pig ileum.
Author: Emendorfer,-F; Emendorfer,-F; Bellato,-F; Noldin,-V-F; Cechinel-Filho,-V; Yunes,-R-A; Delle-Monache,-F; Cardozo,-A-M
Citation: Biol-Pharm-Bull. 2005 May; 28(5): 902-4

Title: Efficacy of different Cynara scolymus preparations on liver complaints.
Author: Speroni,-E; Cervellati,-R; Govoni,-P; Guizzardi,-S; Renzulli,-C; Guerra,-M-C
Citation: J-Ethnopharmacol. 2003 Jun; 86(2-3): 203-11